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Synthesis Report: Behavioral Finance Synthesis: Findings
Topic Area: Behavioral Finance: Retirement
Findings:
People have relatively limited knowledge about saving for retirement and can be induced to save more when provided with additional information.
Making retirement more salient, by having people think of themselves in retirement or providing a target retirement date, can increase intentions to save and alter investment choices.
People can become overwhelmed by the number of investment options they face; when this occurs, they tend to use simple rules to make decisions.
Synthesis Report: Behavioral Finance Synthesis: Gaps
Topic Area: Behavioral Finance: Retirement
Findings:
Many studies have demonstrated a relationship between default options and behavior. Taken together, these studies suggest that default options can affect investment behavior.
But no study produces strong causal evidence on the impacts of defaults on its own.
There is little evidence available on how the impacts of behavioral interventions designed to influence retirement savings vary by employee age, gender, income, or race.
There is little evidence available on how the impacts of behavioral interventions designed to influence retirement affect total savings.
Synthesis Report: Disability Employment Policy Research Synthesis
Topic Area: Disability Employment Policy
Findings:
Many disability employment interventions improved participant employment and earnings outcomes but few improved education and training, health, or public benefits receipt outcomes.
Transition programs and support services interventions improved the widest variety of outcome categories.
VR interventions improved employment and earnings outcomes but the effectiveness differed by disability type and the types of services received.
Supported employment interventions improved employment and earnings outcomes but the evidence base is small.
The two high-rated studies on benefits offsets showed no significant impact on earnings outcomes and an unfavorable impact on public benefits receipt outcomes.
The only high-rated study of a mental and behavioral health supports intervention showed promise.
Studies assessing the PROMISE intervention across multiple time points reported changes in outcomes.
Studies assessing the same intervention across multiple sites reported differing results.
van Hooft, E., & Noordzij, G. (2009). The effects of goal orientation on job search and reemployment: A field experiment among unemployed job seekers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(6), 1581-1590.
Topic Area: Behavioral Insights
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:Brown, J. R., Kapteyn, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2016). Framing and claiming: How information-framing affects expected social security claiming behavior. Journal of Risk and Insurance, 83(1), 139-162.
Topic Area: Behavioral Finance: Retirement, Behavioral Insights
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:Babcock, L., Congdon, W., Katz, L., & Mullainathan, S. (2012). Notes on behavioral economics and labor market policy. IZA Journal of Labor Policy, 1(1), 1-14.
Topic Area: Behavioral Insights
Study Type: Descriptive Analysis
DellaVigna, S., Lindner, A., Reizer, B., & Schmieder, J. (2014). Reference-dependent job search: Evidence from Hungary. Unpublished working paper.
Topic Area: Behavioral Insights
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:Spera, S., Buhrfeind, E., & Pennebaker, J. (1994). Expressive writing and coping with job loss. Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 722-733.
Topic Area: Behavioral Insights
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:Jastrzab, J., Blomquist, J., Masker, J., & Orr, L. (1997). Youth Corps: Promising strategies for young people and their communities. Cambridge, MA: Abt Associates Inc.
Topic Area: Opportunities for Youth
Study Type: Descriptive Analysis
Shu, L., Mazar, N., Gino, F., Ariely, D., & Bazerman, M. (2012). Signing at the beginning makes ethics salient and decreases dishonest self-reports in comparison to signing at the end. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(38), 15197-15200.
Topic Area: Behavioral Insights
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:
