Recently Added
CLEAR searches the existing literature for research relevant to this topic area's focus. Browse the most recently reviewed research below.
- Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis The study’s objective was to examine the impact of participation in San Diego—EARN!, a Work Advancement and Support Center (WASC), on participants’ earnings, employment, educational attainment and…
- Study Type: Descriptive Analysis The study presented findings from a review of after-school programs in the United States focused on improving science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) skills and increasing access to…
- Study Type: Descriptive Analysis The study examined existing empirical research on the challenges that minority women have faced in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines at the undergraduate and…
- Study Type: Descriptive Analysis The study described factors that might increase young Latinas’ enrollment in pre-engineering programs. The authors reviewed a case study of middle and high school Latina students in the rural…
- Study Type: Descriptive Analysis The authors described two programs partnering with California community colleges—the Mathematics, Engineering, Science Achievement Community College Program (MCCP) and the CalWomen Tech Program—that…
- Study Type: Descriptive Analysis The authors sought to determine whether the complexity of a mother’s occupation (or the quality of employment as defined by its task complexity, autonomy, and authority) affected her 6- to 13-year-…
- Women in industrial engineering: Stereotypes, persistence, and perspectives (Brawner & Camacho 2012) - Study Type: Descriptive Analysis This study explored why more women major in industrial engineering in college than other engineering fields. The authors tabulated quantitative data from eight colleges and universities in the…
- Study Type: Descriptive Analysis This study aimed to determine if student characteristics; financial aid receipt; and labor market conditions (such as unemployment, weekly wages, and professors’ salary) predicted doctoral degree…
- Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis The study’s objective was to examine the impact of providing low-income families with private market housing vouchers on employment, earnings, receipt of public assistance, and receipt of education…
- Early college, early success: Early college high school initiative impact study (Berger et al. 2013) - Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis The study’s objective was to examine the effect of Early Colleges, which exposed high school students to college classes, on students’ high school achievement, persistence, and graduation; college…
CLEAR Icon Key
Below is a key for icons used to indicate important details about a study, such as its type, evidence rating, and outcome findings.
- High Causal Evidence- Strong evidence the effects are caused by the examined intervention. 
- Moderate Causal Evidence- Evidence that the effects are caused to some degree by the examined intervention. 
- Low Causal Evidence- Little evidence that the effects are caused by the examined intervention. 
- Causal Impact Analysis- Uses quantitative methods to assess the effectiveness of a program, policy, or intervention. 
- Descriptive Analysis- Describes a program, policy, or intervention using qualitative or quantitative methods. 
- Implementation Analysis- Examines the implementation of a program, policy, or intervention. 
- Favorable- The study found at least one favorable impact in the outcome domain, and no unfavorable impacts. 
- Mixed- The study found some favorable and some unfavorable impacts in the outcome domain. 
- None- The study found no statistically significant impacts in the outcome domain. 
- Unfavorable- The study found at least one unfavorable impact in the outcome domain, and no favorable impacts. 
- Not applicable- Not applicable because no outcomes were examined in the outcome domain. 
- Favorable - low evidence- The study found at least one favorable impact in the outcome domain, and no unfavorable impacts. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution. 
- Mixed - low evidence- The study found some favorable and some unfavorable impacts in the outcome domain. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution. 
- None - low evidence- The study found no statistically significant impacts in the outcome domain. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution. 
- Unfavorable - low evidence- The study found at least one unfavorable impact in the outcome domain, and no favorable impacts. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution. 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
