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Synthesis Report: Disability Employment Policy Research Synthesis
Topic Area: Disability Employment Policy
Findings:
Many disability employment interventions improved participant employment and earnings outcomes but few improved education and training, health, or public benefits receipt outcomes.
Transition programs and support services interventions improved the widest variety of outcome categories.
VR interventions improved employment and earnings outcomes but the effectiveness differed by disability type and the types of services received.
Supported employment interventions improved employment and earnings outcomes but the evidence base is small.
The two high-rated studies on benefits offsets showed no significant impact on earnings outcomes and an unfavorable impact on public benefits receipt outcomes.
The only high-rated study of a mental and behavioral health supports intervention showed promise.
Studies assessing the PROMISE intervention across multiple time points reported changes in outcomes.
Studies assessing the same intervention across multiple sites reported differing results.
Synthesis Report: Research Synthesis: Opportunities for Youth
Topic Area: Opportunities for Youth
Findings:
Successful programs often involved a substantial time commitment from participating youth.
Many successful programs involved a job placement component or job search assistance.
Positive impacts tended to be realized in the short term and fade over time.
More information is needed on the replicability of some programs.
Autor, D. H., Duggan, M., Greenberg, K., & Lyle, D. S. (2016). The impact of disability benefits on labor supply: Evidence from the VA’s disability compensation program. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 8(3), 31-68. http://www.aeaweb.org/aej-applied/ [Impact of eligibility expansion]
Topic Area: Veterans
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Earnings and wages-Low-Unfavorable impactsEarnings and wages
- Employment-Low-Unfavorable impactsEmployment
- Public benefits receipt-Low-Favorable impactsPublic benefit receipt
Gimm, G., Ireys, H., Gillman, B., & Croake, S. (2011). Impact of early intervention programs for working adults with potentially disabling conditions: evidence from the national DMIE evaluation. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 34, 71–81.
Topic Area: Disability Employment Policy
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Employment-Mod/high-No impactsEmployment
- Earnings and wages-Mod/high-No impactsEarnings and wages
- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-No impactsPublic benefit receipt
- Button, P. (2018). Expanding employment discrimination protections for individuals with disabilities: Evidence from California. Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 71(2), 365–393. https://doi.org/10.1177/0019793917716633
Topic Area: Employer Compliance
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Employment-Low-Favorable impactsEmployment
Fraker, T., Honeycutt, T., Mamun, A., Manno, M., Martinez, J., O’Day, B., Reed, D., & Thompkins, A. (2012). The Social Security Administration’s Youth Transition Demonstration projects: Interim report on Broadened Horizons, Brighter Futures. Princeton, NJ: Mathematica Policy Research.
Topic Area: Disability Employment Policy
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Earnings and wages-Mod/high-No impactsEarnings and wages
- Education and skills gains-Mod/high-No impactsEducation and skills gains
- Employment-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEmployment
- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-Favorable impactsPublic benefit receipt
Choe, C. (2008). The outcomes of policies designed to eliminate discrimination (Doctoral dissertation). University of Arizona.
Topic Area: Employer Compliance
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Earnings and wages-Low-Unfavorable impactsEarnings and wages
- Employment-Low-Unfavorable impactsEmployment
Fraker, T., Baird, P., Black, A., Mamun, A., Manno, M., Martinez, J., Rangarajan, A., & Reed, D. (2011). The Social Security Administration’s Youth Transition Demonstration projects: Interim report on Colorado Youth WINS. Princeton, NJ: Mathematica Policy Research.
Topic Area: Disability Employment Policy
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Education and skills gains-Mod/high-No impactsEducation and skills gains
- Employment-Mod/high-No impactsEmployment
- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-No impactsPublic benefit receipt
Fraker, T., Black, A., Mamun, A., Manno, M., Martinez, J., O’Day, B., O’Toole, M., Rangarajan, A., & Reed, D. (2011). The Social Security Administration’s Youth Transition Demonstration Projects: Interim report on Transition WORKS. Princeton, NJ: Mathematica Policy Research.
Topic Area: Disability Employment Policy
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Education and skills gains-Mod/high-No impactsEducation and skills gains
- Employment-Mod/high-No impactsEmployment
- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-No impactsPublic benefit receipt
Fraker, T., Black, A., Broadus, J., Mamun, A., Manno, M., Martinez, J., McRoberts, R., Rangarajan, A., & Reed, D. (2011). The Social Security Administration’s Youth Transition Demonstration Projects: Interim report on the City University of New York’s project. Princeton, NJ: Mathematica Policy Research.
Topic Area: Disability Employment Policy
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Earnings and wages-Mod/high-No impactsEarnings and wages
- Education and skills gains-Mod/high-No impactsEducation and skills gains
- Employment-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEmployment
- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-No impactsPublic benefit receipt