Recently Added
CLEAR searches the existing literature for research relevant to this topic area's focus. Browse the most recently reviewed research below.
Displaying 1 - 10 of 33
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study’s objective was to examine the impact of iThrive, a workplace wellness program developed at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, on employment, productivity, …Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study examined the impact of two simultaneously implemented changes in the 401(k) plan of a large, Fortune 500 company: (1) automatic enrollment into the plan immediately after hire (a change…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study’s objective was to examine whether additional messaging about a Flexible Spending Account (FSA) increased employees’ usage of an FSA. The study used a randomized controlled trial to…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Experiments using U.S. households The study’s objective was to examine whether increases in the number of funds offered in a retirement plan caused investors to allocate their contributions more…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study examined the impact of different 401(k) plan designs on employees’ saving behavior at several U.S.-based firms. The analysis was based on administrative data provided by each company. The…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study examined the impact of requiring employees at a large, U.S.-based company to actively choose the asset allocation for an employer’s matching 401(k) contributions, rather than automatically…Reducing the Complexity Costs of 401(k) Participation through Quick Enrollment (Laibson et al. 2009)
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study’s objective was to examine the effect of a simplified 401(k) enrollment procedure called Quick Enrollment on plan participation through three trials at two anonymous companies (two trials…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
This study’s objective was to examine whether the number of fund options offered by a 401(k) retirement plan influenced employees’ decisions to enroll in the plan. The authors analyzed employees’…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study’s objective was to determine how general or personalized information on projected retirement savings account balances and annual retirement income affects employees’ retirement savings…Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
The study’s objective was to determine whether tax policies that differently frame the rollover of lump-sum distributions (LSDs) from defined-contribution retirement plans into tax-preferred funds…
CLEAR Icon Key
Below is a key for icons used to indicate important details about a study, such as its type, evidence rating, and outcome findings.
High Causal Evidence
Strong evidence the effects are caused by the examined intervention.
Moderate Causal Evidence
Evidence that the effects are caused to some degree by the examined intervention.
Low Causal Evidence
Little evidence that the effects are caused by the examined intervention.
Causal Impact Analysis
Uses quantitative methods to assess the effectiveness of a program, policy, or intervention.
Descriptive Analysis
Describes a program, policy, or intervention using qualitative or quantitative methods.
Implementation Analysis
Examines the implementation of a program, policy, or intervention.
Favorable
The study found at least one favorable impact in the outcome domain, and no unfavorable impacts.
Mixed
The study found some favorable and some unfavorable impacts in the outcome domain.
None
The study found no statistically significant impacts in the outcome domain.
Unfavorable
The study found at least one unfavorable impact in the outcome domain, and no favorable impacts.
Not applicable
Not applicable because no outcomes were examined in the outcome domain.
Favorable - low evidence
The study found at least one favorable impact in the outcome domain, and no unfavorable impacts. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution.
Mixed - low evidence
The study found some favorable and some unfavorable impacts in the outcome domain. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution.
None - low evidence
The study found no statistically significant impacts in the outcome domain. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution.
Unfavorable - low evidence
The study found at least one unfavorable impact in the outcome domain, and no favorable impacts. The study received a low causal evidence ratings so these findings should be interpreted with caution.