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Synthesis Report: Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment Synthesis
Topic Area: Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment
Findings:
Evidence indicates that business education plus additional services boost short-term employment, but reduces short term earnings, with impacts on long-term earnings fading over time.
Interventions designed to improve the development of business ideas and increase business development activities have limited evidence on their effectiveness.
Few studies examined outcomes related to formal education and workforce training or public benefit receipt, and those that did found no evidence of impacts.
Studies provide suggestive evidence that education-only interventions improve attitudes toward entrepreneurship.
- Anderson, J., Freedman, S., & Hamilton, G. (2009). The Employment Retention and Advancement project: Results from the Los Angeles Reach for Success program. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Implementation Analysis
Miller, C., Tessler, B., & Van Dok, M. (2009). Strategies to help low-wage workers advance: Implementation and early impacts of the Work Advancement and Support Center (WASC) demonstration. New York City: MDRC. [Dayton]
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Employment-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEmployment
- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-Favorable impactsPublic benefit receipt
- Earnings and wages-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEarnings and wages
- Education and skills gains-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEducation and skills gains
Miller, C., Tessler, B., & Van Dok, M. (2009). Strategies to help low-wage workers advance: Implementation and early impacts of the Work Advancement and Support Center (WASC) demonstration. New York City: MDRC. [San Diego]
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Employment-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEmployment
- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-Favorable impactsPublic benefit receipt
- Earnings and wages-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEarnings and wages
- Education and skills gains-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEducation and skills gains
Navarro, D., van Dok, M., & Hendra, R. (2007). The Employment Retention and Advancement project: Results from the Post-Assistance Self-Sufficiency (PASS) program in Riverside, California. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Earnings and wages-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEarnings and wages
- Employment-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEmployment
- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-No impactsPublic benefit receipt
- Public benefits receipt-Low-No impactsPublic benefit receipt
Hendra, R., Dillman, K.-N., Hamilton, G., Lundquist, E., Martinson, K., Wavelet, M., Hill, A., & Williams, S. (2010). The Employment Retention and Advancement project: How effective are different approaches aiming to increase employment retention and advancement? Final impacts for twelve models. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families. [PASS - Riverside]
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Earnings and wages-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEarnings and wages
- Employment-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEmployment
- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-Favorable impactsPublic benefit receipt
Martinson, K., & Hendra, R. (2006). The Employment Retention and Advancement project: Results from the Texas ERA site. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. [Texas ERA—Corpus Christi]
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Earnings and wages-Mod/high-No impactsEarnings and wages
- Employment-Mod/high-No impactsEmployment
- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-No impactsPublic benefit receipt
Martinson, K., & Hendra, R. (2006). The Employment Retention and Advancement project: Results from the Texas ERA site. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. [Texas ERA—Forth Worth]
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Employment-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEmployment
Martinson, K., & Hendra, R. (2006). The Employment Retention and Advancement project: Results from the Texas ERA site. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. [Texas ERA—Houston]
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Earnings and wages-Mod/high-No impactsEarnings and wages
- Employment-Mod/high-No impactsEmployment
- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-Favorable impactsPublic benefit receipt
Hendra, R., Dillman, K.-N., Hamilton, G., Lundquist, E., Martinson, K., Wavelet, M., Hill, A., & Williams, S. (2010). The Employment Retention and Advancement project: How effective are different approaches aiming to increase employment retention and advancement? Final impacts for twelve models. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families. [Texas ERA—Forth Worth]
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Public benefits receipt-Mod/high-Favorable impactsPublic benefit receipt