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Synthesis Report: Older Workers Synthesis
Topic Area: Older Workers
Findings:
Although most workforce programs serve older workers, few specifically focus on this population, and research has not evaluated these programs’ impacts.
Studies that examined the impact of broader workforce programs, such as the Workforce Investment Act Dislocated Worker program, did not focus on older workers.
Early retirement among older workers was found to be lower in firms that allow flexible work schedules.
Changes to the Social Security retirement benefits appear to have been able to influence older workers’ decisions regarding whether to stay in the labor force.
Changes in health insurance provision have mixed or small impacts on older workers’ employment outcomes.
Synthesis Report: Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment Synthesis
Topic Area: Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment
Findings:
Evidence indicates that business education plus additional services boost short-term employment, but reduces short term earnings, with impacts on long-term earnings fading over time.
Interventions designed to improve the development of business ideas and increase business development activities have limited evidence on their effectiveness.
Few studies examined outcomes related to formal education and workforce training or public benefit receipt, and those that did found no evidence of impacts.
Studies provide suggestive evidence that education-only interventions improve attitudes toward entrepreneurship.
- Schaberg, K., Quiroz-Becerra, V., Castro-Cosio, T., Nuñez, S., Hendra, R., (2019). Microfinance in the United States: Early impacts for the Grameen America Program. New York: MDRC.
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Implementation Analysis
- Quiroz Becerra, M.V., Schaberg, K., Holman, D., & Hendra, R. (2020). Putting microfinance to the test: 18-month impacts of the Grameen America Program. New York: MDRC.
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Earnings and wages-Mod/high-No impactsEarnings and wages
- Employment-Mod/high-Mixed impactsEmployment
- Schaberg, K., Quiroz Becerra, M.V., Castro-Cosio, T., Nuñez, S., & Hendra, R. (2019). Microfinance in the United States: Early impacts for the Grameen America Program. New York: MDRC.
Topic Area: Low-Income Adults
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Employment-Mod/high-Favorable impactsEmployment
Link, A., & Scott, J. (2012). Employment growth from public support of innovation in small firms. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 21(7), 655-678.
Topic Area: Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Employment-Low-No impactsEmployment
Watkins, T., Russo, J., & Ochs, J. (2008). Can students in technology entrepreneurship courses help foster start-ups by the unemployed? Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15(2), 348-364.
Topic Area: Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment
Study Type: Causal Impact Analysis
Outcome Effectiveness:- Earnings and wages-Low-Favorable impactsEarnings and wages